Which structure helps bees navigate during flight by detecting antennae movement?

The Johnston organ is the structure responsible for helping bees navigate during flight by detecting the movement of their antennae. Located in the second segment of the bee's antenna, this sensory organ plays a critical role in processing the vibrations and movements sensed by the antennae, which are essential for flight stability and spatial orientation.

As bees fly, their antennae move and oscillate in relation to their body position and environmental factors. The Johnston organ detects these movements, allowing bees to adjust their flight path, maintain balance, and enhance their navigation capabilities.

In contrast, the other structures mentioned serve different functions: hamuli are small hooks that connect the forewings and hindwings, aiding with wing coordination during flight; scopa refers to a structure used for carrying pollen, primarily found on the hind legs of bees; and corbicula is the pollen basket formed by hairs on the hind legs used for the storage of pollen. Each of these parts plays a critical role in a bee's life but does not contribute to the sensory perception of antennae movement in the same way that the Johnston organ does.