What is the primary function of pollen in a bee colony?

The primary function of pollen in a bee colony is to provide protein and nutrients to developing bees. Pollen is collected by worker bees from flowering plants and serves as a rich source of protein, which is essential for the growth and development of bee larvae. When the nurse bees in the colony feed the larvae, they mix pollen with honey and their own secretions, creating a nutritious substance known as "bee bread." This nutrient-dense diet is critical for the healthy development of young bees, directly influencing their growth and the overall vitality of the colony.

While pollen has various roles, such as contributing to the nutrition of adult bees and playing a role in the pollination of plants, its fundamental purpose within the hive structure is indeed to ensure that developing bees receive adequate nutrition to thrive and eventually take on roles within the colony, such as foraging or nursing.