How might a beekeeper maintain strong colonies to combat European Foulbrood?

Regularly requeening the bees is a crucial practice for maintaining strong colonies to combat European Foulbrood (EFB). This disease is caused by the bacterium Melissococcus plutonius, which primarily infects the brood (larvae and pupae) of honey bees. When colonies are led by old queens, their overall vitality can decrease, and the bees may become more susceptible to infections, including EFB.

By introducing young, vigorous queens into the colony, beekeepers can improve the health and productivity of their hives. Young queens typically lay more eggs, resulting in a stronger workforce of bees that can better defend against diseases and pests. Additionally, requeening can help to improve genetic diversity within the hive, which can further enhance resilience against EFB and other diseases.

This method not only addresses the immediate health of the brood but also promotes the overall strength of the colony, helping to ensure that the bees are robust enough to withstand the stresses and challenges they face, including the threat of European Foulbrood.